A tale of two conspiracy theories: Chemtrails and climate change denial
Who some people believe in phenomena rejected by science,
like chemtrails, but deny real problems demonstrated by massive amounts
of scientific evidence, like climate change. Dr David Suzuki comments.
Last year, I wrote about geoengineering as
a strategy to deal with climate change and carbon dioxide emissions.
That drew comments from people who confuse this scientific process with
the unscientific theory of 'chemtrails'. Some also claimed the column supported geoengineering, which it didn't.
The reaction got me wondering why some people believe in phenomena rejected by science, like chemtrails, but deny real problems demonstrated by massive amounts of scientific evidence, like climate change.
Chemtrails believers claim governments around the world are in
cahoots with secret organizations to seed the atmosphere with chemicals
and materials – aluminum salts, barium crystals, biological agents,
polymer fibres, and so on – for a range of nefarious purposes. These
include controlling weather for military purposes, poisoning people for
population or mind control and supporting secret weapons programs based
on the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program, or HAARP.
Scientists have tested and used cloud and atmospheric seeding for
weather modification and considered them as ways to slow global warming.
With so many unknowns and possible unintended consequences, these
practices have the potential to cause harm. But the chemtrails
conspiracy theory is much broader, positing that military and commercial
airlines are involved in constant massive daily spraying that is
harming the physical and mental health of citizens worldwide.
I don't have space to get into the absurdities of belief in a plot
that would require worldwide collusion between governments, scientists
and airline company executives and pilots to amass and spray
unimaginable amounts of chemicals from altitudes of 10,000 metres or
more. I'm a scientist, so I look at credible science — and there is
simply none for the existence of chemtrails. They're condensation
trails, formed when hot, humid air from jet exhaust mixes with colder
low-vapour-pressure air. This, of course, comes with its own
environmental problems.
But what interests me is the connection between climate change denial
and belief in chemtrails. Why do so many people accept a theory for
which there is no scientific evidence, while rejecting a serious and
potentially catastrophic phenomenon that can be easily observed and for
which overwhelming evidence has been building for decades?
To begin, climate change denial and chemtrails theories are often conspiracy-based.
A study by researchers at the University of Western Australia found
'...endorsement of a cluster of conspiracy theories ... predicts
rejection of climate science as well as the rejection of other
scientific findings.'
Many deniers see climate change as a massive plot or hoax perpetrated
by the world's scientists and scientific institutions, governments,
the UN, environmentalists and sinister forces to create a socialist
world government — or something.
Not all go to such extremes. Some accept climate change is occurring but deny humans are responsible.
Still, it doesn't seem rational to deny something so undeniable!
In a Bloomberg article, author and Harvard Law School professor Cass R. Sunstein points to three psychological barriers to accepting climate change that
may also help explain why it's easier for people to believe in
chemtrails — people look to readily available examples when assessing
danger, focus 'on risks or hazards that have an identifiable perpetrator', and pay more attention to immediate threats than long-term ones.
Researchers Ezra Markowitz and Azim Shariff of
the University of Oregon Psychology and Environmental Studies
departments add a few more, including that human-caused climate change 'provokes self-defensive biases' and its politicization 'fosters ideological polarization'.
People who subscribe to unbelievable conspiracy theories may feel helpless,
so they see themselves as victims of powerful forces — or as heroes
standing up to those forces. Whether it's to deny real problems or
promulgate imaginary ones, it helps reinforce a worldview that is
distrustful of governments, media, scientists and shadowy cabals
variously referred to as banksters, global elites, the Illuminati or the New World Order.
The problem is that science denial is, in the case of chemtrails, a
wacky distraction and, in the case of climate change denial, a barrier
to addressing an urgent, critical problem.
Science is rarely 100 per cent certain, but it's the best tool we
have for coming to terms with our actions and their consequences, and
for finding solutions to problems.
The science is clear: human-caused climate change is the most
pressing threat to humanity, and we must work to resolve it. We don't
have time for debunked conspiracy theories.
With contributions from David Suzuki Foundation Senior Editor Ian Hanington. Learn more at www.davidsuzuki.org.
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